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Oldest persian empire . The Achaemenid Persians of central Iran ruled an empire which comprised Iran, Mesopotamia, Syria, Egypt, and parts of Asia Minor and India. The Bistun Inscription is a multi-lingual inscription located on Mount Behistun in the Kermanshah city of Iran. One of the most important cities of the Ancient Near East, Susa served as the capital of Elam and the winter capital of the Achaemenid Empire, and remained a strategic centre during the Parthian and Sasanian periods. Other articles where Old Persian language is discussed: cuneiform: Old Persian and Elamite: Scattered examples of Old Persian inscriptions were reported back to Europe by western travelers in Persia since the 17th century, and the name cuneiform was first applied to the script by Engelbert Kämpfer (c. At its height, it encompassed the areas of modern-day Iran, Egypt, Turkey, and parts of Afghanistan and Pakistan. The Borders of the Persian Empire Ancient Persian Empire. The whole empire was now at last firmly under Artaxerxes’ control, and the remaining years of his reign were stable and peaceful. Persian boys would receive military training between the ages of five and 20 as the empire needed a large army to defend its vast borders. It has had a profound influence on the religious, cultural, and philosophical development of Iran and neighboring regions. hkja kcsb djei yfh htoftlh gqbtvky lwecy ghqsph wskbkws dil